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The two chapters of “I am from Zhou” and “I am from the advanced” are old and misunderstood
Author: Cui Haidong
Source: Author Authorized by Confucian Network Published
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Time: Confucius was in the 2570 year of Jihai, Pu, Renchen
Keywords: verb; I come from Zhou; I come from the advanced; old comment; discernment
The meaning of “I come from Zhou” and “I come from the advanced” in “Theory” has been gathered throughout the ages, and it can be said that the differences and no one can be used to resolve the subject matter. I think these two chapters are all Confucius’ fantasy of transcending the Zhou system and directly entering the Tang Dynasty (安) and Yu (Shun). If you abandon this and understand it, you will all go against the purpose. Therefore, we do not avoid being rude and rude, and analyze the key points of old doubts and doubts as follows to make the right family.
1. Confucius’ political management idea
To analyze these two chapters, you must first understand Confucius’ fantasy. Confucius said: “There is Tao in the whole country, but it is not as good as Yi.” (“The Book of Words·Weizi” quotation only refers to the title) and said: “It is possible to hear Tao in the morning, and it is possible to die in the evening.” (“Li Ren”) It can be seen that Confucius’ fantasy is to change this unconscious society to actually have a Taoist community. In its detailed list, Confucius’s political discussions in “Theory” have three types of political institutions, namely, changing the age of the political body, the normal political body of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the fantasy political body of the Tang and Yu Dynasty; the political process also has two levels of development: one is to upset the aggression, that is, criticizing the age and returning to the Zhou system; the other is to go up and down, that is, to go beyond the Zhou system and enter the Tang and Yu Dynasty. This meaning is detailed in another article [1], and there are two points related to this article. We will explain it as follows.
First, the denial of the weekly system. In “Theory of “The Book of Precepts”, Confucius rejected the Zhou system and read it in three levels. One is to be confused but not prone, as “The Master said: ‘Yin is due to Xia, and the benefits of the gifts are benefited by the gifts; Zhou is due to Yin, and the benefits of the gifts are benefited by the gifts. Some of them may be followed by Zhou, but they can be known for a hundred generations’” (“Yu Zheng”). At that time, the Zhou Dynasty was not over, and Confucius said that “the one who followed Zhou” was the benefit of the Yin and Zhou, and the heart of creation was revealed. The second is to clearly confirm whether it is clear, such as “Gongshan did not stop and summoned me. When I wanted to go, Zilu didn’t say it, saying, ‘It’s already the last one, why should Gongshan do it?’ The Master said, ‘How could he call me a disciple! If anyone uses me, I am the Dongzhou’” (Yanghuo). This “it” is “英””Yi, Confucius said, “If I can use it, I can revive the old land of Zhou in the east, and when I open up the land and make the whole country king. The third is to propose plans, such as “A pure question for the country.” The Master said: ‘When you are walking in Xia, you will ride in Yin’s trunks, and you will be dancing in Shao. ’” (“The King of Wai Ling”) This is a new system that combines the four dynasties of Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and the classics exceed the Zhou system.
The second is the shaping of Tang and Yu. It is Confucius who created the group of the ancestors of Tang and Yu three dynasties before the Tang and Yu kings in “Theory”. The first is to create the shaking of Shun. As the saying goes, “It’s so big, it’s the king.” …It is so rude that there is article” (Taibo); “Shun had the whole country but not the same” (Taibo); “Zi Shun: ‘It is as beautiful as it is, and it is as good as it is” (Baoyi). It also created the political situation at that time, as it said: “Shun had five ministers and ruled the whole country. …The Tang and Yu are prosperous in this world. “(Taibo) Actually, before Confucius, there was no such thing as Shun. As Master Xuan, Master Xuan, said: “The two of you must be ‘no-sense masters’, ‘The Master of Master of Uyou’.文 means high; Shun means “jun” (“Di Jun” in “Shan Hai Jing”): The meaning of “文” and “Shun” is the same as “sage”, “喇”, “喇”, “喇” and “heroes”, but the name of fantasy personality is called “喇”. …The two people of Shun were created by the Zhou people imagined the situation before the flood. The big deal was first reported by the common people, and later the students used these two dummies to reform the ancient times. ”[2]Baobao Message Board is to bring Yu from the god of heaven to the sage king. Before Confucius, Yu played two different abstractions. He was originally a god of heaven who controls water, as “Pensheng·Shangsheng·Changfa” says: “The flood shines brightly, and Yu puts down the earth. “The “Pensheng·Daya·Wenwang has a Voice” says: “The east note of Fengshui is the result of the Emperor’s name. “The “Penyi·Big Ya·Kouyi” says: “It is radiant to Liangshan, and it is built on Yu. “The article in “Bin Gong’s Song” by King Gong of the Western Zhou Dynasty said: “The heavenly orders to Yu Huang to fill the soil, tomb the mountains, and to dredge the rivers. ”[3] When he arrived at Duke Luxi, Yu became a man of farming. As the “Pensheng·Luo·Dinggong” says: “It was the birth of Houji,… so that people could approach the crops;… there was a land of the earth, which was the brink of Yu. “That is to say, the farming of the Zhou clan, Ji, inherited Yu’s business. Confucius was originally a descendant of the Yin people, but among these two abstractions, he chose the latter and continued to build Yu as a sage king of farming, and said, “Yu, I am nothing. Food and drink to achieve filial piety for ghosts and gods, clothes to achieve beauty for crowns, and humble palaces and rooms to achieve purging. Yu, I have nothing to do with it” (Taibo), and I also believe that “Yi is good at shooting and rushing to the boat, but he cannot die. Yu Ji farms and has the whole country” (Taibo), expressing his reputationFor example, Yu and Ji used farming to supply public welfare products and recommended them as heads of state to organize government power.
We understand that Confucius said: “I can speak Xia Rong, but Qi lacks competition. Yin Rong, but Song lacks competition.” (“Eight Qi”) In other words, he met the political views of the Xia and Shang dynasties several times at that time, and they had a good impression of each other. It is difficult to verify the governance of civilizations between the two parties, so the so-called Tang and Yu governance is its response to human politics, rather than a summary of historical reality. It is based on the ancient version to stimulate the present, and is created by the name. Since Confucius’ fantasy was understood, let’s look at the meaning of the two chapters “I came before Zhou” and “I went ahead from the advanced”.
2. “I come from Zhou” chapter to identify the error
The third chapter of the Eight Verses says: “The Master said: ‘Zhou was in the second generation, and it was so depressed! I come from Zhou.’” There are three important old comments in this chapter, and the analysis is as follows.
First, compare and emphasize. As the “Notes” of Kong Anguo in Han said: “Prevention is to observe. It is said that Zhou’s articles were prepared in the second generation and will follow it.” [4] 555 LiangBao Haigang Stationmaster Huang Kan’s “Shu” says: “It means that Zhou’s world is compared to Xia and Yin, so Zhou’s articles clearly write about the next day’s preparations. It says ‘I come from Zhou’, Zhou is the most important place to be the teachings, so Confucius wanted to come from Zhou.” [5] The “Shu” of Xing Bing of the Song Dynasty said: “This chapter refers to Zhou’s gifts and writings. ‘Zhou was supervised in the second generation, and was depressed in literature’. ‘生’ is to see. ‘The second generation’ refers to Xia and Shang. ‘Down’ is to look at the articles of the Zhou Dynasty. I am talking about the gifts of this Zhou Dynasty, and I
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